György Kurtág was born in 1926, in Romania. Hungary soon became his homeland, but he had to leave it in 1957 due to the political climate following the failed insurrection the previous year. Kurtág took refuge in France and here, among other things, he was able to attend a performance of Fin de partie (Endgame), the play that Samuel Beckett had written after Waiting for Godot.
Currently at the Piccolo Teatro di Milano, performances of Beckett's play have just ended and the city dedicates some concerts to Kurtág’s music, an exhibition and the première of his first work for stage: Samuel Beckett: Fin de partie, scènes et monologues, opéra en un acte, as its full title reads.
A useless striving in the game of life (a cruel mirror of a game of chess whose ending is already known): this is the nihilistic message of Beckett's work. The chatter of the four characters is inconclusive; they are at their limits of communication, their words are only futile regrets, powerless desires. Silences exceed dialogue and nothing happens on stage, there are no movements, disregarding the edgy coming and going of the servant. One character is blind and immobilised in a wheelchair, the other two are legless and live inside garbage cans. Never before has human impotence been so cruelly portrayed on stage. To put a plotless story like this into music seems an impossible task, but the "wise madness" of late age can explain the urge to crown a whole creative experience with this "farewell to life", as the composer himself defines it.
Kurtág's music, although innovative, has never confined itself to the rules of twelve-tone or serial music, or of any of the many currents in modern music. It has its own classicism in a way, an evolution of the music of the past translated into fragments, aphorisms, in which a maximum of expressiveness is concentrated. That can be found in Fin de partie too, where the music stems from the text itself, object of a phonetic and semantic analysis, then emphasised and prolonged. The colour of the score is dark, low-pitched instruments are dominant, the strings having an almost secondary role. At times, nervous and metallic flashes appear in the orchestral score. Its sound is varied and thin, almost as chamber music, despite the number of instrumentalists reaching about 70. In the pit a cimbalom and two bayans (Russian accordions) give a folkloric touch to a score that mixes self-quotations, "stylistic innuendos" and recurrent orchestral textures associated with each of the characters.
The work consists of 12 episodes (scenes and monologues, as the subtitle reads) preceded by a prologue that uses a poem by Beckett, Roundelay, sung by the mezzo-soprano, and an epilogue. The rehearsal of the 14 musical numbers required an exhausting process that took place in the composer's home, thus the current interpreters bring the precious suggestions of the author himself with them and that is evident in the performance. All the expressive refinements have been solved in a masterly way by the four singers and by the conductor, Markus Stenz.
Frode Olsen sings Hamm and can only refer to his voice, his character being paralysed and blind, but the Norwegian singer manages to articulate the French words of the text in all their expressions to carve a tragic stature.
Clov is his sidekick, a limping servant who can never sit, and the only character who can cross the stage. With his dragging strides, baritone Leigh Melrose therefore has a dimension denied to others, but he makes wise use of it, even if it is through his vocality that the definition of the character is achieved. The pitch goes up again in Nagg, a tenor role, and Nell, mezzo-soprano, superbly played by Leonardo Cortellazzi, with his cynical humor, and Hilary Summers, who sings, with heartbreaking tone, the only lyrical themes in the work.
Pierre Audi's production is consistent with the spirit of Beckett's play, the silences of the characters reflected in his dry staging. The claustrophobic sensation of the play ("unfurnished interior" writes Beckett) is evident in Christof Hetzer's scenery (he is also the costume designer): a structure of houses one inside the other that confounds interior and exterior notions and are seen from different perspectives. "La lumière grisâtre" (greyish light) is achieved by Urs Schönebaum's efficient lighting.
Beckett alla Scala: anteprima mondiale di Kurtág's Fin de partie
György Kurtág è nato nel 1926 in Romania. L'Ungheria divenne presto la sua patria, ma la dovette abbandonare nel 1957 in seguito al clima di censura creatosi dopo la fallita insurrezione dell'anno prima. Kurtág allora si rifugiò in Francia e qui, fra le altre cose, poté assistere alla rappresentazione parigina di Fin de partie, il lavoro che Samuel Beckett aveva fatto seguire ad Aspettando Godot.