It was not the opening night of the season – that takes place on 7th December as always – but this was still a big event at the Teatro alla Scala, the première of Handel's Tamerlano for the very first time in Milan.
Dating back to 1724, and thus predating Vivaldi's Bajazet based on the same plot, it is one of Handel's most sombre operas. In the libretto the words dead and kill are repeated thirty times, the tone of the music is often gloomy and the orchestration is a palette of greys – Tamerlano is an opera in black and white. Director Davide Livermore updates the plot to the period of the Russian Revolution, October 1917, a far echo of that turning point in 1403 when the Ottoman Sultan Bajazet (Bāyazīd I) was defeated by the Tartar Tamburlaine (Tīmūr Lang).
Livermore's rendition is based on the assumption that in Baroque operas human feelings could be represented on stage only through heroes of the past: it was a theatre that had little to do with historical truth but an opportunity to do drama. Handel and the King's Theater audience couldn't care less for the Ottoman conflict of the 14th century. The display of passions on stage was the important thing, with space and time shifting vital elements of the Baroque aesthetic.
Livermore's transposition of the plot is not only suggested by geography – we are in the same areas around the Caspian Sea – but also by the personalities of the three main characters: Bajazet, the old monarch who loses his throne, resembles the romanticized figure of Tsar Alexander II; Andronicus, always in conflict with his feelings, is reminiscent of both Lenin and Trotsky; Tamerlano, the ruthless and violent dictator, is Stalin. But one should neglect these identifications and enjoy the cinematic language formerly employed by Livermore in his successful Rossini's Ciro in Babilonia.
Here it is the master of Russian silent films, Sergei Eisenstein, that suggests an "editing" where still images, slow-motion and reverse-motion are transformed into theatrical acts. Surprisingly cinematic is the train travelling among snowy trees, or the swirl of snow that counterpoints the whirlwind of emotions lived by the characters, all via the excellent work of video-makers of D-WOK.
Particularly touching are points in the director's imaginative staging, such as the heartbreaking duet between Asteria and Andronico in Act 3, when the two characters exchange their pitiful love declarations while their stunt doubles are tortured by Tamerlano's men, as if their souls were detached for a while from their tormented bodies. Or the final chorus, a happy ending in a minor key (both musically and dramatically), where everyone celebrates the casting off of hatred, with the exception of Asteria, collapsed lifeless on a chair after the hard trials that she has had to endure.
At the head of the orchestra of La Scala on period instruments, there was undisputed expert in Baroque repertoire Diego Fasolis, who last year conducted Handel's Trionfo del Tempo e del Disinganno in this same theatre. The long recitatives, often accompagnati, that characterize this work, as well as the arias, gained a particular colour and intensity of expression.
An excellent cast of interpreters was gathered for the occasion. Despite the title of the work, the main character in Tamerlano is Bajazet and it is also the first major role for a tenor in Baroque opera. Plácido Domingo, who has already sung this role, is back at La Scala after nearly ten years later. Even if he misses some cues, is not always textually accurate and his vocal agility is not very fluid, his timbre, phrasing and power are undamaged. For expressiveness and scenic presence alone, his death scene is worth the price of the ticket.
Alongside him, Domingo has younger but highly specialized colleagues, and this time they are countertenors, not a frequent occurrence in a country that still does not fully accept this kind of vocality, preferring sopranos and mezzo en travesti for the male roles of the “castrati cantori”. Bejun Mehta was a mischievous Tamerlano who expresses himself with vocal flourishments in the part that was originally intended for the castrato Andrea Pacini. He could even flaunt an aria from Handel's Amadigi, “Sento la gioa” (I Feel the Joy) to let us enjoy the purity of his voice. Another eminent castrato of the time, Senesino, created the part of Andronico, here sung by the amazing Franco Fagioli, with his wide extension tirelessly intoning his six arias. Even the lesser role of Leone was well performed here by Christian Senn. Equally excellent are the female parts: Maria Grazia Schiavo didn't show any problem in the difficult role of Asteria, traced with her luminous timbre, while the warmer tone of young mezzo-soprano Marianne Crebassa impressed as Irene.
Il ritorno di Plácido Domingo alla Scala come Tamerlano
Non è l'inaugurazione della stagione, che avrà luogo come di consueto il 7 dicembre, ma è comunque un grande avvenimento quello al Teatro alla Scala: è in scena il Tamerlano di Georg Friedrich Händel, un titolo per la prima volta presente a Milano.
L'opera è del 1724, precede quindi il Bajazet di Vivaldi, e rappresenta una delle opere più cupe di Händel. Nel libretto le parole morte e il verbo uccidere si ripetono per ben trenta volte, il tono della musica è spesso fosco e l'orchestrazione un infnito trascolorare di tinte grigie, tanto che si potrebbe defnire un'opera in bianco e nero. Il regista Davide Livermore pospone la vicenda alla Rivoluzione Russa dell'Ottobre del 1917, lontana eco di quell'altra svolta storica del 1403 quando il sultano ottomano Bajazet (Bāyazīd I) venne sconftto dal tartaro Tamerlano (Tīmūr Lang).