While Pesaro has its Rossini Opera Festival, Bergamo's festival is devoted to its illustrious son Gaetano Donizetti – a long birthday party for the other important creator of bel canto operas. It is an opportunity to stage unacknowledged works by the composer, such as Il borgomastro di Saardam (The Mayor of Saardam). The libretto, by Domenico Gilardoni, is based on Le Bourgmestre de Sardam, ou Les deux Pierre, a comédie-héroïque by Mélésville, Merle and Boirie (1818), the same plot that inspired Albert Lortzing's Zar und Zimmermann in 1837.
To help realise his vision of modernising late 17th-century Russia, Tsar Peter the Great had embarked on a number of trips abroad to snatch the secrets of military art and technology in the most advanced areas of European civilization. In the opera, we see him in the sailing shipyards of Saardam, in the Netherlands, disguised as carpenter. Here he finds another Peter, the young Russian deserter Peter Flimann, who would like to marry Marietta, the local Mayor's protégée. The fact that the Mayor is convinced that Flimann is the Tsar incognito gives rise to endless misunderstandings. In the end, the real Tsar reveals himself and, before sailing back home, he forgives Flimann and promotes him to Admiral so that he will be able to marry his beloved Marietta.
Donizetti's opera buffa premiered in Naples in 1827 with successful results, but when played in Milan a year later, in a modified version, it was a complete fiasco. Why such a difference in reception between the two cities? That's because in Naples Rossini was all the rage, while in Milan the musical penchants were changing toward another type of melodrama, where Bellini was to reap his greatest successes. Donizetti's 'Rossini-ism' was considered outdated and in Il borgomastro di Saardam the influence of the composer from Pesaro was particularly evident, especially in ensemble passages. The opera, however, has its own originality that anticipates future comedies, such as L'elisir d'amore or even Don Pasquale.
The opera was forgotten until 1974 when it was staged in Zaandam, the modern name for the Dutch town in which the plot is based, although in a very questionable rendition. Now it is the turn of Donizetti's home town to put it back on stage at its Teatro Sociale, in a production by film director Davide Ferrario in his first opera staging. The 1828 Milanese score is used, the only version remaining, and Ferrario recuperates part of the comic component of the original version (in which the protagonist had the ludicrous appellation of Timoteo Spaccafronna and spoke in Neapolitan dialect) with some slapstick comedy gags. The director pays homage to old Soviet cinema as well, with frames taken from silent films of the period while other black and white videos of the old town ironically suggest that the story is actually set in a Bergamo unpredictably overlooking the sea!
Il borgomastro di Saardam is on stage while the town also celebrates 200 years since the architect Giacomo Guarenghi gave a neoclassical aspect to the new town of Petersburg and some of his blueprints are also shown as background. In Francesca Bocca's plain scenery, virtually made of screens on which images and videos are projected, showing the ship that is being built in the first act that will serve to carry the Tsar back to Russia together with valued carpenters for the building of Petersburg.
On stage the chorus was present from the beginning and gave good proof of cohesion and liveliness along with a cast of excellent performers. The Mayor's role is not vocally prominent, but Andrea Concetti humorously delineated the clumsy old man, losing himself behind the skirts of the young protégée Marietta. To her, Donizetti dedicates rich pages of bel canto agility and coloratura, impeccably performed by Irina Dubrovskaya. In the Milan version the role of Carlotta loses importance, therefore Aya Wakizono had few opportunities to let us hear her warm mezzo voice. Tsar Peter is of greater importance and Giorgio Caoduro mastered all the role's difficulties with great technique and elegance.
We were already familiar with Juan Francisco Gatell's skills, and they were furthermore confirmed in the role of the other Peter to which the tenor, a Rossini specialist, added his comic acting qualities. Pietro Di Bianco as Leforte, the Tsar's incognito confidant, appropriately completed the group of leading characters.
Roberto Rizzi Brignoli's careful and lively conducting brought to light the particular features and beautiful orchestration of this opera that has been absent from theatres for more than a century and a half and whose re-emergence, if not the rediscovery of a hidden masterpiece, is a timely revival of a convincing and entertaining theatrical machine.
Un'opera buffa di Donizetti rivive a Bergamo
Non solo Pesaro con il Rossini Opera Festival, anche Bergamo intitola un Opera Festival al suo illustre figlio Gaetano Donizetti, una lunga festa di compleanno dedicata all'altro creatore di opere del belcanto italiano. Il festival è occasione per far conoscere lavori poco frequentati del compositore, come questo Il borgomastro di Saardam. Il libretto, di Domenico Gilardoni, è basato sulla comédie-héroïque Le Bourgmestre de Sardam, ou Les deux Pierre di Mélésville, Merle e Boirie (1818) e la stessa vicenda ispirerà lo Zar und Zimmermann di Albert Lortzing nel 1837.