Carl Maria von Weber's Der Freischütz is a work of wide contrasts. Derived from a popular legend, it was the opera of German national identity, perhaps even more than Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg. This was realized by the Germans who paid a huge success to the work at its first appearance at the Schauspielhaus in Berlin in 1821.
The contrast between good and evil haunts Max's conscience: he is the unlucky shooter, so, as not to miss the shooting contest the following day whose prize consists in the hand of his beloved Agathe, he doesn't shrink from involving the devil, here embodied by Samiel, the "black hunter" to whom Kaspar granted his soul, in order to earn infallible bullets. But Max does not know that the last bullet belong to the devil, who can use it to his liking – in this case to kill Agathe, thus fulfilling Kaspar's thirst of revenge for being rejected by the girl because of Max.
The Wolf's Glen scene, one of the most intense moments of romantic theatre, with its sinister mood strongly contrasts with the idyllic village scenes where hunters are dancing and joking, but here in this new production by Matthias Hartmann at Teatro alla Scala, Raimund Orfeo Voigt's sets place us in a scary forest of black-charred tree trunks.
Thin bars of white light delineate the buildings and even the picture that falls from the wall in Agathe's chamber is a bright frame of light. The immateriality of these objects is perhaps indicative of their precariousness in the face of the forces of nature, but so we miss the division between interior and exterior, as when in the intimacy of her room Agathe opens the window towards the beautiful starry night.
Hartmann's staging takes a bizarre twist at the end, when devilish figures handing out the theatre programme line alongside with the choir to praise the goodness of the Eternal Father while Max and Agathe run away despite the test year accorded by the Ottokar. It is not clear how to read this mutiny against authority, since so far all the stagework had followed the naïve story very faithfully without any weird implications. This is the only moment of perplexity in an evening that takes a linear path until then. The devilish apparitions in red light had marked the infernal scene and the black boar had duly appeared at the time of the fusion of the second bullet – everyting according to the script.
The characters, especially the women, feature bright colourful costumes that resemble those in Hermanis' Jenůfa, but here they are made with unpleasantly artificial and glittering materials that conflict with the setting in the Bohemian woods at the time of the Thirty Years War.
There was no perplexity on the musical side, including the sensuous and expressive Myung-Whun Chung's conducting. From the earliest notes of the wonderful ouverture, we had an idea of the treasures of a score characterized by particular effects assigned from time to time to various instruments: horns, bassoon, cello, woodwinds. Chung achieved a perfect balance between the realistic and the supernatural aspects of the work: the first in the cheerful and festive music of the peasants, the second in the melodrama at the Wolf's Glen with the dirge on the same note of the infernal spirits, the bird screams in the piccolos, the rising storm that bursts into a deafening pandemonium followed by a sudden deadly silence. All these effects were wonderfully achieved by the Orchestra of the Teatro alla Scala.
A perfect consonance was secured with the stage, on which excellent performers provided the lovely melodies of which the work is so rich. First of all those entrusted to Agathe, a passionate Julia Kleiter who offered a moment of special intensity in her prayer in Act 3. Alongside her, Ännchen's frankness was found in Eva Liebau, a brilliant singer and lively performer. The copious masculine cast was dominated by Günther Groissböck's stage presence and vocal excellence, the most celebrated by the audience for his magnificent definition of Kaspar's character, rendered with a voice of beautiful timbre, great agility and sound power. Michael König's Max was more elegant than heroic, introspectively interpreted. Prince Ottokar's noble figure had in Michael Kraus the ideal interpreter. Frank von Hove's Kuno was well done, and he also gave voice to Samiel. The short but beautifully carved role of the Hermit was taken by Stephen Milling. All of them proved to be good actors in the many spoken dialogues of this Singspiel that will deeply affect Wagner's theatre a few decades later.
Angeli e demoni: Der Freischütz alla Scala
È opera di grandi contrasti Der Freischütz di Carl Maria von Weber. Tratto da una leggenda popolare, rappresenta l'opera dell'identità nazionale tedesca forse anche più de Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg. Lo capirono bene i tedeschi che tributarono un enorme successo al lavoro che nel 1821 aveva debuttato alla Schauspielhaus di Berlino.