Two intriguing clinical cases are currently on stage in two almost contemporary works from the 1920s. In Prokofiev's The Fiery Angel in Rome, it’s the case of Renata: is it hysterical neurosis or exalted religiosity? In Milan in Eric Korngold’s Die tote Stadt (“The Dead City”), one wonders whether it is only a dream or if the protagonist Paul is in the grip of madness. Unlike Robert Carsen, who opted for the second hypothesis in his production at the Komische Oper in Berlin, Graham Vick at La Scala goes for the dream.
The story stems from Georges Rodenbach's novel Bruges-la-morte, translated first in a theatrical version, Le mirage, and finally in the four-handed libretto written by Eric Korngold and his father Julius, an authoritative music critic at the time, under the pen name of Paul Schott. In the passage from the novel to the play, two characters are added (the protagonist's friend and his housekeeper) together with a dream scene in which the dead wife appears to the man. But it is in the transition from the play to the libretto that the dream aspect predominates in two of the three parts of the work.
Korngold was Jewish and Viennese like Sigmund Freud, who in 1899 in his Traumdeutung had proposed that the dream is the fulfilment of what the Ego does not dare to admit: Marietta is the erotic replica of the puritanical lost wife and only in the dream Paul has the satisfaction that he denies to himself in the real life. Only the erotic nightmare saves him and in the end life triumphs: "A dream has destroyed my dream," says Paul in one of his last clues. Having overcome the trauma of his wife's death, the man can finally leave Bruges, the city of her death.
In Vick's staging this moment, in which the singer remains alone on the bare stage, ends to a show of great fascination. The director brings the “cinema=dream” metaphor into reality with a huge curved draped curtain that closes the bottom of the stage, hinting at the atmosphere of the Hollywood films of the 1940s, several of which featured soundtracks by Korngold. Of the same period are the costumes designed by Stuart Nunn, also the designer of the scenery where the furniture seems created by Bauhaus architects. Even the reliquary with the memorabilia – the lute, the “light clinging dress”, the braid that “looks like liquid gold” – is of polished steel and glass. The only intentional inconsistency is the large plasma screen that takes the place of the woman's portrait.
The dreamlike dimension is heralded by headlights coming down from above to concentrate or change the light on stage. At the same time, the draped curtains rise and we are witnesses of Paul's nightmare: the unruly dance of Robert the Devil with Marietta, or the religious procession mixed with the vision of the Hitler-Jugend and the Nazis who follow round-ups with the background of prisoners. The numerous television screens showing the surface of the water of the Belgian city canals now show details of Marie's mouth or an inquisitive eye, with clear references to the cinema of Buñuel and Hitchcock.
The wealth of visual images goes with the extraordinary richness of the music of Korngold, a composer who merges the melodic quality of the Danubian operetta with superb orchestral finesse. The poignant themes of Marietta's and Fritz's songs are never mere sound hedonism, but become components of a wise structure that conductor Alan Gilbert manages to keep in perfect balance, highlighting the qualities of a masterfully eclectic style and phantasmagorical orchestration with total confidence.
The role of Paul is perfect for Klaus Florian Vogt, whose crystal clear timbre and transparent colour allow him to rise to the high register without resorting to falsetto. Delightful pianissimi and legato are his best qualities. In the pinnacles of expression, the robustness of a Wagnerian Heldentenor is helpful, but always in a somewhat neurotic dimension which is accompanied by an intentional clumsiness on stage. Although Vogt was not on one of his best nights, the character came out very convincingly. Equally memorable was Asmik Grigorian in the gruelling and taxing role of Marietta. Luminous timbre, stable volume and perfect legato came together with a surprising stage presence: the attractive Lithuanian soprano demonstrated that she is both an excellent actress and a capable dancer. A regular presence at La Scala is Markus Werba, a pragmatic Frank and Fritz the Pierrot who leaves one amazed by the charm of his lied where he displays admirable, exquisite sound production. Christina Damian is an appropriately austere but also sensitive Brigitta. For once the director and his assistants did not raise dissent and received the warm appreciation of the public together with the other performers.
La prima volta di La città morta di Korngold alla Scala: un trionfo.
Due intriganti casi clinici in due opere quasi coeve (gli anni '20 del secolo scorso) messe in scena in questi giorni. A Roma ne L'angelo di Fuoco di Prokof'ev rimane l'ambiguità se quello di Renata sia un caso di nevrosi isterica o di esaltata religiosità. A Milano, per la vicenda di Paul de La città morta, il dubbio è se si tratti solo di un sogno o il protagonista sia in preda alla pazzia. Diversamente da chi come Robert Carsen ha optato per la seconda ipotesi nella sua produzione alla Komische Oper di Berlino, Graham Vick alla Scala decide per il sogno.