It was Hitler's favourite piece of music, Alma Mahler hummed its melodies to her husband and Shostakovich quoted it in his Seventh Symphony. Yet, before its debut on 30 December 1905, Die lustige Witwe (The Merry Widow) still had to face the incomprehension of the Theater an der Wien's director who, with his Viennese accent, stated “Das ist ka' Musik!” (But this is not music!). He had to change his mind later when Lehár's work reached 500 performances in his theatre and found fame abroad.
In our times of great uncertainty the operetta delights us once more thanks to its nostalgic side; in 1905 it was the regret for an era that was setting, now it's the present time that scares us. The ways to stage this old fashioned genre were either a conventional production with sequins, ostrich feathers and turn of the century decor, suited to matinees in small towns, or deconstruction by an avant-garde director – and this is what Hans Neuenfels did with Fledermaus in Salzburg in 2001 or Christoph Marthaler in Basel with La Grande-duchesse de Gérolstein in 2009.
A third way was taken by Barrie Kosky at the Komische Oper in Berlin and now by Damiano Michieletto here at the Fenice in Venice: the approach is not conventional but shows the utmost respect for the fragility of this genre. The original language is used, there are prominent interpreters, non-trivial scenery and the skilled hands of a great opera house at work. According to Michieletto, there are two leading themes in the plot: money (belonging to the rich widow whose heritage would bankrupt the fragile finance of her small state if handed over to a foreigner) and the theme of love (the lawful one of Hanna and Danilo and the least licit love of Camille and Valencienne, not to mention the self-absorbed love of the various suitors including Cascada and St Brioche).
In Act 1 we are inside the Bank of Pontevedro, which replaces the original embassy; in Act 2 a popular ballroom with its orchestra; in Act 3 Danilo's office, here the bored bank clerk, who has to save the finances of his country by marrying the young widow – with whom he had long been in love anyway. Paolo Fantin recreates these environments with his accurate scenery, while the lights by Alessandro Carletti give them allure. In this staging we are at the end of the 1950s (an easy-going period of the past century) as suggested by Carla Teti's colourful costumes.
Without distortion, Michieletto maintains the spirit of divertissement without diminishing the substance, the truth of the story or the credibility of the characters. Chiara Vecchi's choreography adapts modern steps to old waltzes and polkas, thus preserving the driving energy innate in Lehár's music, a zest that makes you unable to stay motionless.
The "Vilja-Lied", played by a small orchestra, is a moment of great nostalgia where the couples slowly dance, tenderly hugging. That takes its turn with the joyous rhythmic fury of the kolo, "la danse de notre patrie", as sighed with melancholia by Hanna and Danilo, both "exiles" in Paris. Njegus here is not the usual vaudeville character, but a kind of taciturn Puck whose sparkling dust is thrown when the plot does not take the turn you want – which is always the one dictated by feelings, not by reason of state or from bourgeois morality. Michieletto also brilliantly solves the grisettes routine of Act 3: Danilo is dozing at his desk and dreams of Lolo, Dodo, Jou-Jou etc. They enter from the windows or exit from the filing cabinet, this time with sequins and feathers on their heads as burlesque dancers. They perform their skit and then disappear when Danilo is awakened by Zeta to his duties as future consort and savior of the country.
First-rate interpreters are employed in this production. Nadja Mchantaf was a glorious Hanna Glawari, maybe not always perfect (high notes are sometimes forced) but with great stage presence and vocal sensitivity. The strong point of the evening, however, was Christoph Pohl's Count Danilo. Simply perfect, scenically, and vocally always measured, he not only managed to enchant the audience with his incomparable technique and expressiveness, but also granted himself the shot of getting on the orchestra stand to improvise some themes from the opera on his electric bass.
Adriana Ferfecka's Valencienne and Konstantin Lee's Camille de Rosillon are equally convincing, but unfortunately the evening was not propitious to Franz Hawlata, Baron Mirko Zeta: despite impeccable acting, his voice sounded worn; one hopes this was due to a temporary indisposition. The other performers were brilliant and so were the chorus and dancers.
The Orchestra of the Teatro La Fenice conformed to Stefano Montanari's energetic and enthralling rhythms, a verve that has already been evident in his Rossini and Donizetti performances. The Venetian Carnival could not have had a better start this year.
La vedova è ancora allegra, anche senza lustrini e piume
Era la preferita di Hitler, Alma Mahler ne canticchiava al marito le suadenti melodie e Šostakovič la citò nella sua settima sinfonia.